Essay on The Second Industrial Revolution - 1444 Words

By the time of the Civil War, the technologies upon which the First Industrial Revolution was based were established in the United States. In the years following the war, the nations industrial energies were focused on completing the railroad and telegraph networks of the North, rebuilding those of the South, and expanding those of the West. Once the devastating depression of the 1870’s depleted, the stage was set for the Second Industrial Revolution. New inventions came about to ease the production of goods that were being supplied. The creation of factories emerged by retailers who were struggling to meet the requirements of the masses surrounding them. The formation of power driven machinery was initiated in order to compete with†¦show more content†¦In the late 19’th century, many new immigrants came to America with hopes to escape religious and political persecution, to find better employment opportunities, for more freedoms, and a chance to start over again. The immigrant work force grew fast as the demand for factory labor grew. These immigrants were important to industrialization in the United States. They were willing to work in unsanitary work conditions for little pay. Because of this, American industries were able to hire more of these types of workers. Although they were unskilled, the type of jobs they were required to do were jobs that didn’t demand much knowledge. Workers during the Industrial Revolution had hoped for benefits, such as health, cleaner working conditions, better pay, and less working hours. Industrial workers often felt overworked because of the long, stressful hours placed upon them by their employers. Labor unions began to emerge as a result of the long hours and awful working conditions. These workers were locked up all day in factories that were eight stories high. They were given absolutely no relaxation until the heavy engine stopped. After leaving work, they would go home to get refreshed for the next day. This left these industrial workers with no time for association with their families. Before the time of industrialization, the United States was an agrarian society. Most of the people were Protestant, English-speaking, Anglo-Saxons from Northern andShow MoreRelatedSecond Industrial Revolution1000 Words   |  4 PagesSecond US Industrial Revolution, 1870 -1910 Darris Adkins Abstract In this brief paper, a description of two developments of industrialization that positively affected the United States and two developments that negatively affected the United States will be discussed. An analysis of whether or not industrialization was generally beneficial or detrimental to the lives of Americans and the history of the United States will be outlined. Second US Industrial Revolution, 1870 -1910 In this briefRead MoreThe Second Industrial Revolution605 Words   |  2 PagesMODULE 4 ASSIGNMENTS 1. 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Historians often forget that women constantly experience historical processes differently because of the roles that they play and their biological differences. The second Industrial Revolution affected women uniquely, and their involvement and contributions were distinctive as well. The second Industrial Revolution lead to many advantages andRead MoreThe Sholes And Glidden Typewriter And The Second Industrial Revolution1294 Words   |  6 PagesGilded Age, or commonly known as the Second Industrial Revolution, lived up to its extravagant name that Mark Twain had given to the era. Inventions such as the telephone escalated communication among people despite the distance, and the creation of the automobile helped everyone to move from one place to another in a much shorter time. Besides these well-known and influential inventions, the Sholes and Glidden typewriter also contributed to th e economic, industrial, and societal growth of the AmericanRead MoreTesla s Invention Of The Second Industrial Revolution1677 Words   |  7 Pageslife having ideas stolen away from him by other inventors, but he ignored this and continued to work on his own. He was such an important contributor to American inventions that many people today call his inventions the majority of the Second Industrial Revolution. His inventions were used not only around the time when he invented them, but are still majorly used today. The way electricity is generated was changed by several of Tesla’s inventions and the different ways wireless currents are used

San Diego Mormon Temple and the Chartres Cathedral in France

San Diego Mormon Temple and the Chartres Cathedral in France The San Diego Mormon Temple bases its architecture on gothic roots; where the epitome of early gothic architecture is the Chartres Cathedral in France. The Mormon Temple is made of white aggregate stone and stucco, very angular and massive, built as a Gothic revival temple. Designed by William Lewis, Jr., the architect took into consideration Mormon temples in Salt Lake City and Washington, D.C. Hugely bulky at the base, the Mormon Temple rises from an enormous mound of earth, that conceals the lower floor. Built for the Mormons residing in Southern California, this temples marks the forty-fifth Mormon temple in the world. However,†¦show more content†¦The medieval cathedral was physically integrated into the town. Houses crowded up to its very walls and lean-tos were built right against them. In the city, the tower cathedral, was the medieval forerunner of the skyscraper, but unlike its modern counterpart, it subsumed a number of functions. At one moment or another, therefo re the medieval church could serve civic, communal, and commercial purposes (Branner, Robert, ed., Chartres Cathedral, W.W. Norton, New York, 1969, p. 69). However it was first and foremost a religious building. Although in modern times it served primary as a place of worship. The San Diego Temple is not an exact copy of the Chartres Cathedral by any means. However, there are some definite borrowed characteristics that can be found in Mormon Temple, originally appearing in the Chartres Cathedral. The similarity in architectural features is another common theme in both churches. Both structures have large bases that support the massive upper portion of the cathedrals. Both structures have two spires, that reach high into the sky. The San Diego Temple and Chartres Cathedral use an abundance of glass. Both structures are used for religious purposes. Although there are a few aesthetic similarities, the differences outweigh them. While the basic features, of the gothic cathedral are common to both, an abundance of glass,

Proposal Balance in Shoulder of Throwers and Non-Throwers

Question: Discuss about theProposalfor Balance in Shoulder of Throwers and Non-Throwers. Answer: Introduction Bones are important for the human body not only to provide the body a structure, but it also anchor muscles and store calcium. Lawrence et al. (2014) states that among all the bines, shoulder bones are very crucial and its ball-and-socket joint allow human to lift things with ease. There are three major bones in human shoulder such as the clavicle, scapula and humerus. Apart from these bones, the shoulder also comprises of its associated muscles like tendons and ligaments. The shoulder joints is formulated with the articulations between the shoulder bones. The joint of the shoulder is known as glenohumeral joint however can included as acromioclavicular joint and is considere to be the major joint of the shoulder. Moreover, Lawrence et al. (2014) also portrays that humerus of the shoulder is attached with the head sitting and the scapula in the glenoid cavity. As mentioned earlier, the shoulder joint is a socket and ball joint that help a human to rotate their arms and allow them to hinge their shoulder out and up away from the body. On the other hand, the capsule can be considered as soft tissue, which envelope the entricles of the glenohumeral joint and it is attached with the humerus, major part of the biceps and scapula. Even it lined of a smooth and thin synovial membrane. Timmons et al. (2013) moreover mentioned that the stability of the shoulder is provided from the four major group of the must that together forms the Rotator cuff. These combination of four muscles that are subscapularis, supraspinatus, teres minor and infraspinatus surround the shoulder joint. The rotator cuff usually adheres to glenohumeral capsule and the humeral head is closely attached with the capsule. The human shoulder should be flexible enough in order to perform vast range of activities in proper manner. The flexibility of the human shoulder helps an individual to pull, push and lift. It is important to prevent the injury of the shoulder; otherwise it can lead to immense critical situation. If the muscle is balanced, then it help s an individual to provide a perfect performance in the daily activities. From various incidents, it has been shown that muscle imbalance is majorly responsible for shoulder injury. Rokito et al. (1998) furthermore depicts the origin of various shoulder injuries is the plyometric exercise; there should be proper awareness and guidelines for the athletes during shoulder exercise. The athletes should have adopted appropriate techniques in order to prevent any kind of shoulder injury. Throwing ability is the significant skill for the success in handball and it includes the lower and upper muscle for enhancing the efficiency of the arm (Wang, Macfarlane and Cochrane. 2000). The athletes endure several repetitive stresses of micro traumatic on shoulder because of high-level psychological demand on the surrounded tissues. It can be seen that most of the shoulder injury cases happen only because of muscle fatigue, muscle weakness, inappropriate throwing exercising equipments, excessive and imbalance capsule laxity (Jobe, 1998). However, there are also instances of the shoulder injuries because of glenoid labrum, rotator cuff muscle and gleno-humeral capsule. During the acceleration phase, the internal rotator muscles perform concentrically. On the other hand, Wang and Cochrane (2001) mention that during the entire deceleration phase, the external rotator muscles perform eccentrically. The responsibility of this particular muscle is to maintain the dynamic stabilisation of glenohumeral joint. The assessment of the functional strength of these muscles can be compared with the internal rotator muscles, which play an important role for the injury rehabilitation and prevention. Lawrence et al. (2014) also mention that the glenohumeral joint is unstable in an inherent manner and it is solely based on the bony configurations, however, at the same situation, this joint comes with most freedom as it helps to perform various functions. The musculo-tendinous unit and the ligaments maintain the fundamental stability of the glenohumeral joint in proper manner (Codine, Bernard, Pocholle, Benaim, Brun, 1997). The repetitive over arm activities and motions in the sports like handball activities needs to be synchronised and coordinated action of the shoulder muscle. In the sports, there are requirement of proper strength balance of antagonist muscle, which is fundamental. Drouin et al. (2004) highlight that the role and responsibilities of the rotator cuff muscles are functional and critical as it helps the human shoulder to stabilise. A close observation in the internal and external rotation process of the shoulder suggests enough strength, which is significant for the rehabilitation for the ultimate prevention of the shoulder injury. The shoulder injury of an active person or an athlete should be treated with well designed and non-operation program of rehabilitation (Wang et al. 2000). It is noteworthy to mention here that the rehabilitation programs consist of the flexibility exercise, strengthening exercise and then returning to the usual throwing exercise. On the other hand, only the physical therapist or the clinicians can do the testing of the actual strength of the isokinetic myscle in order to monitor the possible external and internal contralateral rotator balance and deficiencies ratio in between the strength of internal rotator and external rotator shoulder muscle (Wilk, et al. 2002). The anatomy, structure and function of the shoulder must have to be understood by the throwing athletes and their conditioning coaches so that they can enhance their performance and the injuries relating with the shoulder can be avoided properly. Thus, the prime objective of this study is to compare the rotator muscle balance in shoulder of throwers athletes and the people who never perform such activities like throwing. Methodology In order to collect information, there will be 14 participants, who will participate in the research. Among them, there are 7 students, who does not participate in the sport including overhead throwing and 7 members from the non-professional handball team. There was a relative information paper, which was provided to the participants. I have provided 24 hours time to the participants in order to understand what should be done on the provided paper. I have also signed a consent form from them for taking their permission whether they desire to participate in the research. Moreover, a protocol is also provided to them so that they can understand the entire research requirement and the aim for which I am conducting the research. I also asked them if they have any query regarding their participation in the study and complete the provided paper. The handball team, who participated in the research, have 1 goalkeeper, 2 backs, 1 pivot, 2 wingers and 1 centre. The major approach that I have t aken in selecting the respondent was to select participants, who are asymptomatic and free from pain. Testing Procedures All the participants were asked to warm up for 5 minutes at a comfortable workload by using arm-cyucle-ergometer and after that, the participants will be placed in Primus BTE for evaluating the eccentric and concentric strength measurement for the dominant upper limb. The subjects will be assumed the position of supine and there will be placement of standard stabilisation strapping across the hips and chest of the subjects. The shoulder of the participants abducted to 90 and even the elbow flexed to 90, which is the position of the upper extremity according to the manufacturer specification. The actual strength of the external and internal rotators can be tested with 120 range of the motion. The subjects of this study will perform 3 submaximal trials for familiarising themselves with ranges of motion and accommodating the resistance of dynamometer. The subjects will be tested after that with maximum of the 5 repetitions of carrying out angular speeds of 300/s and 60/s for performing the concentric action and 300/s for completing the eccentric action. The high reliability for isokinetic testing depends on these numbers of repetitions. All the sets of all the subjects are provided a 60-s rest period to prevent fatigue build-up. During the conduction of the research, consistent verbal commands will also be provided. The help of an expert, who is trained for isokinetic testing devices and experienced is considered for testing and evaluating the tests. Literature Review The shoulder is generally used in various sports; therefore, there are possibilities of more injury in the shoulder muscles and particularly overuse injuries. The competitive sports like baseball, volleyball, javelin throwing, swimming and tennis need repeated and forceful arm activities that produce a very high incidents of the shoulder injuries (Stratford and Balsor 1994). The ballistic actions in all of these mentioned sports involve large amounts of the eccentric pressures on the rotator cuff muscles and there are chances of shoulder injury. The rotator cuff tendinitis, impingement and instability are the significant overuse injuries of the shoulder (Wang and Cochrane 2001). The repetitive and constant practices of same movement can be determined as a major mechanism of the overuse injuries of the shoulder. Even the consequences can lead to the imbalance in between the antagonist and agonist muscles. During the excessive eccentric pressure, muscle imbalance contributes to the sho ulder injury (Zanca, Oliveira, Saccol, Mattiello-Rosa. 2011). In order to analyse the muscle performance and strengths for the injured and healthy athletes, the isokinetic dynamometer can be used. Drouin, Valovich-mcLeod, Shultz, Gansneder and Perrin. (2004) have mentioned that the isokinetic dynamometer provides relevant measurement of the torque, velocity and the position on the repeated trials, which has been proved to be valid enough for the research and clinical purposes. In certain case, the isokinetic dynamometer is interlinked with the shoulder injuries. Reference List Drouin, J.M., Valovich-mcLeod, T.C., Shultz, S.J., Gansneder, B.M. and Perrin, D.H., 2004. Reliability and validity of the Biodex system 3 pro isokinetic dynamometer velocity, torque and position measurements.European journal of applied physiology,91(1), pp.22-29. Lawrence, R.L., Braman, J.P., Laprade, R.F. and Ludewig, P.M., 2014. Comparison of 3-dimensional shoulder complex kinematics in individuals with and without shoulder pain, part 1: sternoclavicular, acromioclavicular, and scapulothoracic joints.journal of orthopaedic sports physical therapy,44(9), pp.636-A8. Rokito, A.S., Jobe, F.W., Pink, M.M., Perry, J. and Brault, J., 1998. Electromyographic analysis of shoulder function during the volleyball serve and spike.Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery,7(3), pp.256-263. Stratford, P.W. and Balsor, B.E., 1994. A comparison of make and break tests using a hand-held dynamometer and the Kin-Com.Journal of Orthopaedic Sports Physical Therapy,19(1), pp.28-32. Timmons, M.K., Lopes-Albers, A.D., Borgsmiller, L., Zirker, C., Ericksen, J. and Michener, L.A., 2013. Differences in scapular orientation, subacromial space and shoulder pain between the full can and empty can tests.Clinical Biomechanics,28(4), pp.395-401. Wang, H.K. and Cochrane, T., 2001. Mobility impairment, muscle imbalance, muscle weakness, scapular asymmetry and shoulder injury in elite volleyball athletes.Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness,41(3), p.403. Wang, H.K., Macfarlane, A. and Cochrane, T., 2000. Isokinetic performance and shoulder mobility in elite volleyball athletes from the United Kingdom.British Journal of Sports Medicine,34(1), pp.39-43. Zanca, G.G., Oliveira, A.B., Saccol, M.F., Ejnisman, B. and Mattiello-Rosa, S.M., 2011. Functional torque ratios and torque curve analysis of shoulder rotations in overhead athletes with and without impingement symptoms.Journal of sports sciences,29(15), pp.1603-1611.

Bias of Roots and Culture free essay sample

Discussing roots and culture is often a very subjective topic. Quite often, the same story is interpreted entirely differently, depending on who is telling the story. This principle is also true in fictional works. A narrator will bring his/her own perspective and biases into the events that he or she is telling about. In Raymond Carver’s Cathedral, the first-person narrator has several biases that are used to reveal character. This first-person narrator has both positive and negative biases, and insights that clearly represent his character. The narrator in Cathedral has biases that serve to create his character well. Some of these are positive, and some are negative. The first clear bias that is made clear is a positive one. In the introduction of the story, as the narrator is giving background information on his wife, he speaks of her first husband. The manner in which he speaks of her impresses upon the reader of how little this first marriage matters to him, and thus shows that he acknowledges his wife has a past, and that he loves her just the same. We will write a custom essay sample on Bias of Roots and Culture or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Carver shows the narrators’ indifference to this first husband when â€Å"why should he have a name? † (Responding to Literature, 439) is asked. Another one of the biases the narrator has does not serve to create such a positive picture of him. This negative bias is the narrators’ bias against the blind in the beginning of the story. He speaks of them as very somber, as his idea of blind people was that all the â€Å"blind moved slowly and never laughed. † (438) These insights into the mind of the first-person narrator help to establish him as a character. The use of first-person narration in Raymond Carvers Cathedral serves to establish the narrator as a legitimate character well. The reader is given direct insight into the thoughts of the narrator, which would not be possible from other perspectives. For example, the reader is given a direct path into the narrators’ thoughts of the blind mans’ wife, Beulah. Without the words actually being spoken, the reader knows that the narrator feels sorry for her, without having ever met the blind man. He believes that Beulah must have had a â€Å"pitiful life† since she could â€Å"never see herself as he was seen in the eyes of her loved one†(440). Wordless insights into thoughts, such as this, are the true point of having a first-person narrator; because not only is the reader given a picture of the narrators’ thoughts, it serves to create a more dynamic, lifelike character, and not merely a lifeless voice that is tediously moving through words. First-person narration is always all about perspective, and consequently, bias. All first-person narration in fiction is chosen specifically for the purpose of having that bias, and those individual ideas that make for an interesting telling of a story. Raymond Carver’s Cathedral uses the first person narration very well, for that exact purpose. This story’s biases and partialities are used to separate the reader, and only see the narrators’ version of what happened. Had the story been told from the perspective of the blind man, it would have been immensely different. Biases come from ones’ culture and environment. Ideally, stories and retellings of events would be completely honest; but prejudices and tensions gradually become the general theme of the story, to the point that roots, culture, and acceptance thereof become irrelevant, and nothing remains but intolerance.